PRODUCCIÓN DE EXTRACTOS DE Pycnoporus sanguineus CON ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICROBIANA EN HONGOS Y BACTERIAS FITOPATÓGENAS

Abstract

The main objective of this study was the crude extracts production of two P. sanguineus isolated (H1 & H2) and the test of their effect postharvest in controlling in vitro of fruit and vegetables fungus and fitopathogens bacteria, and also bacteria of clinical interest. The best conditions were determinated through factorial treatment arrangements and Randomized Block Design. Where the factors and levels were: pH (8.0, 8.5 y 9.0), culture medium (potato dextrose broth & malt extract) and kind of light (daylight & full time white light). The orange pigment was extracted with ethyl acetate. The pigment was concentrated and test in postharvest fungus control (Colletotrichum fragariae, C. gloeosporioides and Botrytis cinérea) and bacteria (Erwinia amylovora and Pectobacterium carotovorum). Moreover, clinical interest bacteria (Salmonella typhi, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter agglomerans, Shigella dysenteriae, Klebsiella rhinoescleromatis, Yersinia enterocolitica and K. pneumoniae). The best conditions for orange pigment production were pH 8, potato dextrose broth and full time white light. The fungicidal effect was observed against fitopathogens fungus with a reduction of 70 and 60 % in B. cinerea growth in 10 and 20 mg/mL crude extract P. sanguineus pigment conditions, respectively. An inhibition major of 50% was presented by C. fragarie and only of 40% in C. gloesporoides. In fitopathogen bacteria, the minimal inhibition concentration was determined in E. amylovora (H1>12mg/mL; H2, 7mg/mL) and P. carotovorum (H1, 10mg/mL; H2, >12mg/mL). As much as in clinical bacteria for Salmonella typhi (8mg/mL), Bacillus cereus (H1, 8mg/mL; H2,10mg/mL), Klebsiella pneumoniae (>12mg/mL) and Shigella dysenteriae (8mg/mL).