http://repositoriodigital.ipn.mx/handle/123456789/660 Sat, 02 May 2026 12:56:21 GMT 2026-05-02T12:56:21Z http://repositoriodigital.ipn.mx/handle/123456789/16909 Title: PRODUCCIÓN DE BIOCOMBUSTIBLES A PARTIR DE MICROALGAS Authors: Fernández-Linares, Luis Carlos; Montiel-Montoya, Jorge; Millán-Oropeza, Aarón; Badillo-Corona, Jesús Agustín Abstract: Se hace una revisión de la situación de los biocombustibles en el mundo, principalmente del biodiesel. Se comparan las diferentes materias primas para la síntesis de biodiesel y se enfatiza en la producción de éste a partir de microalgas. Se comparan las diferentes microalgas de agua dulce y salada en cuanto a su contenido lipídico y productividad. Se revisa el proceso de biosíntesis de los lípidos y como se puede mejorar su producción de lípidos en estas. Se discute la importancia de manipular genéticamente a Botryrococuus braunni, Nannochloropsis sp, Noechlorisoleobundans y Nitschia sp. También se hace un estudio de las ventajas y desventajas de los diferentes sistemas de cultivo de microalgas. Finalmente se presenta una perspectiva de los biocombustibles a partir de las microalgas. Entre los principales retos a vencer para producir biodiesel están: El costo de producción de biomasa, que involucra la optimización de medios, selección y manipulación de cepas y el diseño de fotobioreactores. También se debe considerar el proceso de separación de biomasa, la extracción de aceites y subproductos, la optimización del proceso de transesterificación, purificación y uso de subproductos. Fri, 13 Sep 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://repositoriodigital.ipn.mx/handle/123456789/16909 2013-09-13T00:00:00Z http://repositoriodigital.ipn.mx/handle/123456789/16908 Title: POTENCIAL Y RIESGO AMBIENTAL DE LOS BIOENERGÉTICOS EN MÉXICO Authors: Montiel Montoya, Jorge Abstract: Se presenta un estudio del potencial y el riesgo ambiental de los principales biocombustibles: bioetanol, biodiesel e hidrógeno en México, específicamente en Sinaloa. Se discuten las ventajas que tienen las algas con respecto a otros insumos para la producción de estos biocombustibles. Los bioenergéticos impactan: En lo económico.- Reduciendo costos y mejorando la calidad en productos, dando independencia energética y mejorando la competitividad. En lo ambiental.- Reduciendo las emisiones de gases y creando productos reciclables y biodegradables. En lo social.- Ayudan al crecimiento y diversificación de la economía rural. La producción de bioenergéticos a escala comercial puede ser factible en México y en Sinaloa, cuando se realicen aspectos técnicos, económicos y medioambientales y de concertación con los sectores agrario y agroindustrial Para la producción de biodiesel se recomiendan: Jatropha, algas, salicornia, moringa, palma de aceite, higuerilla y aceite usado. Para la producción de bioetanol: algas, sorgo dulce, residuos agrícolas y municipales, pasto gigante y maguey y para producir hidrógeno: algas nativas del Estado de Sinaloa Fri, 13 Sep 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://repositoriodigital.ipn.mx/handle/123456789/16908 2013-09-13T00:00:00Z http://repositoriodigital.ipn.mx/handle/123456789/16719 Title: Effects of Inorganic and Organic Fertilization on Physicochemical Parameters, Bacterial Concentrations, and Shrimp Growth in Litopenaeus vannamei Cultures with Zero Water Exchange Authors: Lara-Anguiano, Guillermo F.; Esparza-Leal, Héctor M.; Sainz-Hernández, Juan Carlos; Ponce-Palafox, Jesús T.; Valenzuela-Quiñónez, Wenceslao; Apun-Molina, Juan P.; Klanian, Mariel Gullian Abstract: To identify ways to improve water quality and shrimp production in closed systems, two parallel experiments (one in tanks and one in ponds) were conducted using Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, cultures. In both experiments, the effects of inorganic (Nutrilake®) and organic (molasses) fertilization on physicochemical parameters, bacterial concentrations, and shrimp performance under zero water exchange were evaluated. Fertilization with both molasses and Nutrilake enhanced the feed conversion rate, as well as shrimp survival and production. In tanks, the shrimp survival and production rates were highest in the molasses treatment, but this effect was not observed in ponds. In ponds, fertilization with Nutrilake increased nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations more than did the controls and molasses treatments toward the end of the experiment. In tanks, fertilization with molasses reduced ammonia concentrations toward the end of the experiment, but the same effect was not observed in ponds. In ponds, fertilization reduced the proportion of Vibrio spp. bacteria, which most likely reduced the incidence of disease from these potentially pathogenic organisms. In both culture systems, fertilization increased the proportion of Bacillus spp., which most likely enhanced food availability. Tue, 20 Aug 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://repositoriodigital.ipn.mx/handle/123456789/16719 2013-08-20T00:00:00Z http://repositoriodigital.ipn.mx/handle/123456789/16718 Title: First Report of Powdery Mildew (Pseudoidium anacardii) of Mango Trees in Sinaloa, Mexico Authors: Félix-Gastélum, R.; Herrera-Rodríguez, G.; Martínez- Valenzuela, C.; Longoria-Espinoza, R. M.; Maldonado-Mendoza, Ignacio Eduardo; Quiroz-Figueroa, F. R.; Martínez-Álvarez, Juan Carlos; García-Pérez, L. M.; Espinosa-Matías, S. Abstract: Powdery mildew of mango is an important disease in Mexico's northern Sinaloa state. Identification of the causal fungal agent has been hindered by the absence of information regarding its teleomorph, as well as a detailed morphometric analysis of the anamorph and molecular characterization. The first symptoms of the disease appear in mango inflorescences of early February, and it subsequently affects young fruits. The disease progresses during March and early April, causing significant fruit abortion and a scabby appearance in a high percentage of fruits that remain attached to the trees. We observed the disease on inflorescences but not in leaves during our sampling period. Powdery mildew specimens were collected during 2011 and 2012 and included Kent and Keith varieties from commercial orchards, and creole materials from backyards of private residences in the Ahome and Fuerte Counties of northern Sinaloa, Mexico. Symptomatic inflorescences were analyzed morphologically. Conidiophores and conidia were prepared by touching the whitish lesions with clear adhesive tape, which was then placed over microscope slides with a drop of distilled water and observed under a compound microscope. The anamorph structures of the pathogen were measured. The mycelium was septate and ramified on the surface of the host, forming a dense coat of branching hyphae. The mycelium had a diameter of 2.5 to 8.7 μm; conidiophores (Pseudoidium type) emerged from the superficial mycelium, were unbranched, and consisted of 1 to 3 cells with conidia forming singly from the apex. The length of the conidiophores varied from 30.0 to 77.5 μm; the foot cell of the conidiophores was straight, 10.0 to 47.5 μm long and with a diameter of 5.0 to 15.5 μm across its midpoint. Conidia without fibrosin bodies were borne singly, and were ellipsoid/ovoid, 22.5 to 46.2 μm long and 15.0 to 27.5 μm wide. Eighty percent of the germ tubes were forked (lobed); the rest were simple, emerged from the end, and were occasionally on the side of the conidia. Germ tubes ranged from 2.0 to 7.2 μm at the midpoint. The surface of the conidia appeared smooth under the scanning electron microscope, and elliptical conidia appeared constricted at their ends; this, however, was not observed in the ovoid conidia. In both cases, the terminal end of the conidia was smooth. The teleomorph was not found. Molecular and phylogenetic analysis of the ITS rDNA (2) region showed that samples are closely related to specimens of Pseudoidium anacardii (1) (teleomorph: Erysiphe quercicola [4]) collected from mango trees in diverse countries. Measurements of somatic and asexual structures are in agreement with descriptions of P. anachardii (formerly known as Oidium mangiferae) from India (3). The nucleotide sequences derived from this research were deposited in GenBank (Accession Nos. JX893951 to JX893957). To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. anacardii associated to mango inflorescences in Sinaloa, Mexico. Due to the economic importance of powdery mildew of mango trees in Sinaloa, future research directions should focus on finding the teleomorph of the fungus to support its identity. Tue, 20 Aug 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://repositoriodigital.ipn.mx/handle/123456789/16718 2013-08-20T00:00:00Z