Efecto de la nutrición enteral sobre la masa magra con fórmula inmunomoduladora en pacientes con VIH/SIDA y neumonía por Pneumocystis Jiroveci

Abstract

OBJECTIVE Verifity if the enteral nutrition with immunomodulating formula is more effective reclaiming the nutritious state in patients with VIH/SIDA and Pneumonia by Pneumocystis jirovecci of the Research center of infectious diseases of the National Institute of Respiratory Diseases EXPOSITION OF THE PROBLEM. The incidence of underweight among hospitalized patients diagnosed with HIV / AIDS and pneumonia at the National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER) is high (64%) the situation may worsen the clinical picture, so early intervention is necessary to nutritional support. Today has not evaluated the immunomodulatory effect of diet in these patients and results in other populations such as patients with cancer, surgery, burns have been controversial. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Randomized, longitudinal clinical study. 30 men Majors of 18 years hospitalized, with diagnosis of VIH/SIDA and pneumonia (Pneumocystis Jirovecci), unintentional weight loss> 5% in three months with respect to its habitual weight, conditions to indicate enteral nutrition. They were assigned in random form to one of two groups; 1. formula with immunomodulating enteral nutrition 2. enteral nutrition with standard nutrition; was assessed lean body mass (kg), fat mass (%), total body weight (kg), BMI (kg/m2), days hospitalized and adherence to dietary recall through 24 hours. RESULTS Both interventions were effective increasing total body weight (kg), lean mass and fat mass, as BMI in all patients achieved the status of Normal (≥ 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) after 12 weeks ( See Table VIII.) We can say that the immunomodulating enteral nutrition formula shows a trend toward greater recovery of lean mass. As for the days in the hospital there was no statistically significant difference (p = ≥ 0.05) the group supplemented with immunomodulatory nutrition was 11 days and the standard 12 days. CONCLUSIONS Patients with wasting syndrome associated to AIDS require early nutritional intervention, including complete measurement of nutrititonal parameters and dietary habits contribute to the improvement of clinical status and reduce morbidity and mortality risks associated with malnutrition and HIV/AIDS.