ARRECIFES ARTIFICIALES DE ENROCAMIENTO PARA PROTECCIÓN DE PLAYAS

Abstract

In Mexico there is a large area of coastline, and represent an important natural richness that can be exploited in various productive sectors, such as: fishing, freight transport and tourism, among others. Since the coasts are of the most dynamic environments of our planet, and are affected by several environmental factors among the waves, which continuously erodes and modifies its form, because the transport of sediments. It is necessary to carry out research work to promote its preservation. Against this background the present work raised the study of the transmission of waves in artificial reefs of rock-fill for the protection of beaches, through a physical model reduced, as an option for achieving the conservation or recovery of the coastal zones of our country. The work has as main objective to observe the behavior of the transmission of the waves, through tests in a section of artificial reef of trapezoid type, with an outstanding side sea of 2: 1 and a pending land of 1. 5: 1 side. Which changed the width of crowning to three different wavelengths that were 20, 30 and 40 metres. Likewise for these three different conditions of width of crowning, were two different, one of half a meter and the other of a meter. The tests were carried out in the narrow channel of waves of the laboratory of engineering hydraulics of the ESIA-UZ, under the action of irregular waves. Data obtained in the tests, calculations of coefficients of wave transmission were, and were compared with those obtained using the formulations of Goda, Van der Meer, and d´Angremond. Tables and graphs that helped the interpretation of the phenomenon of study were with these values. Concluding that the structure that it works in a more efficient way to reduce the transmission of the incident wave is which has a bandwidth of crowning of 40 m, for a sumergencia of half a meter.