COMPORTAMIENTO DEL SUELO EN LA ZONA PRÓXIMA AL CERRO DEL MARQUÉS Y SUS EFECTOS EN OBRAS DE INFRAESTRUCTURA

Abstract

In this thesis the geotechnical conditions of the zone next to the “Marqués” hill are described. This area is crossed by subway “Line A" of the Mexico City Collective Transport System (STC), in the section located between the “Guelatao” and “Los Reyes” stations. The behaviour of the subway caisson is assessed, and some possible solutions to the problems induced by the subsoil differential settlements are examined. For a better interpretation of the subsoil conditions, a GIS (Geographic Information System), was implemented with the aim of understanding the nature of the ground deposits in the zone of study, taking as reference: geographic information (historical Information, cartography, topography, satellite pictures, aerial photographs) and physical information (Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics, Hydrography, Geotechnics). In order to represent the subsoil conditions in this area, a cross-section model was built. This model is based on the geotechnical information stored in the database of the Geographic Information System for Geotechnical Borings, GIS-SB, developed in the Geocomputing Laboratory, Institute of Engineering, UNAM. Geostatistical techniques are used to build models that describe the spatial distribution of subsoil properties; particularly: water content and cone resistance. On the other hand, the characteristics of the subway structure (stations, structural sections of the caisson, construction and expansion joints, electromechanical stations) in the section between the “Guelatao” and “Los Reyes” stations are described. The history of total vertical movements and differential movements in the longitudinal and transverse directions was reconstructed for the section under consideration. The physical damage to the subway structure caused by the influence of regional subsidence and the actions taken to correct the damages observed in the structural box, the joints of the walls and the pavement are described. An analysis of the soil deformation represented by means of the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is presented. Using elasticity theory, a simplified numerical continuous beam model as well as a 3D model based on the finite element method are used to represent the soilstructure- interaction and the behaviour of the structural box of the subway and subsoil support in its current and future conditions. Finally, conclusions and recommendations are presented.