EVALUACION DE LA CAPACIDAD INMUNOGENICA DE LA VACUNA ORAL S3Pvac - PAPAYA CONTRA LA CISTICERCOSIS PORCINA

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Taeniosis and cysticercosis caused by Taenia solium, are endemic in developing countries, where they mainly affect human health and rustic pig breeding. In order to control this parasite experimental vaccines have been developed. The recombinant S3Pvac-papaya vaccine, is based on the expression of three peptides; KETc12, KETc1 y KETc7, by embryogenic callus of papaya and has been shown to induce immune response in mice. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the cellular and humoral immune response in pigs vaccined by S3Pvac-papaya, through lymphocytic cell proliferation and by ELISA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This work was a randomized vaccine trial against swine cysticercosis (candidate S3Pvac-papaya versus placebo). Thirty piglets from a rural community (San-Andrés Azumiatla) were included: sixteen in vaccine group and fifteen in placebo group. Administration of vaccine was done per os in pigs aged from 2 to 3 month in two dose of 250mg at 15 days of interval. Blood samples were collected at 0, 15 and 30 days after the last dose of vaccine. The peripherical T-Cell proliferative capacity was determined by the reduction of tetrazolium salt (tetrazolio a formazan). The production of specific antibodies directed against Taenia solium was evaluated by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The proliferative capacity of lymphoid cells, was found with Fisher´s exact between groups, in day 15 (p= 0.0085) and day 30 (p= 0.0192), where we found significant difference. Also on day 15 increased the antibody titer in the vaccine group, where we found statistical significance (p = 0.0476) but not at day 30. CONCLUSIONS: S3Pvac-papaya vaccine is able to induce a cellular response, that future studies could assess a larger sample size and longer follow-up. Future plans to evaluate the protective capacity by infection with eggs and thus certainly T.solium that it can be considered as a tool available to control porcine cysticercosis.