ÍNDICE GLUCÉMICO DE UN ALIMENTO (TORTA DE JAMÓN) CONSUMIDO POR ESCOLARES DE EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA DEL ESTADO DE MORELOS

Abstract

The glycemic index (GI) enables the classification of food according to the glycemic response which produces in the human and it is used as a tool in the dietary management and disease prevention such as: diabetes, overweight, obesity, cardiovascular diseases and dyslipidemia. Foods are classified in high, medium and low GI, these last are recommended to the treatment of the diseases already mentioned. The aim of this work was to measure the glycemic index of the torta de jamón, because its preparation is one of the most common and the most eaten food for the students from Morelos state. The frequency of consumption of the torta was obtained in accordance to the dietetic surveys applied to a representative sample of school population from Morelos state. To standardize the preparation of a model torta, it got a sampling of 12 schools from Morelos state in which, in each school they acquired 3 pieces. Once it was drawn up the model torta it was made a proximal chemical analysis to know the carbohydrate content; subsequent, they were calculated portions of torta with intake of 25 grams of this macronutrient and it was compared the glycemic response caused, with the response to a food consumption reference and the reference food with the same amount of carbohydrates. 10 healthy humans were selected to evaluate the monitoring of the glycemic response caused for the torta de jamón o glucose solution. The GI of the torta de jamón was of 79.6 ± 11.2, which means that its GI is high. The glycemic load (GL) was 13.1, which classifies as a medium GL food. Due to the GI value of the torta de jamón, it does suggests to have caution as a food daily for sedentary children or adults with overweight or obesity problems and with respect to the GL, it puts forward that its consumption does not be more than one piece, because if the intake is higher, glycemic load increases.